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Plant Profile

Araucaria excelsa (Norfolk-Island-Pine)

Araucaria excelsa is a large evergreen conifer with distinctive pyramidal shape. It produces male or female cones on the same tree but at different locations.

  • Landscape Information
  • Botanical Description
  • Horticulture Management
  • By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Tree-species at Flickr (Flickr) [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Liné1 (Picture taken with my IXUS 800 IS) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Kirisame (original) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By bertknot from scarborough, australia (norfolk island scenery (268)) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

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  • Arabic Name: اروكاريا

    Pronunciation: air-ah-KAIR-ee-uh het-er-oh-FILL-uh

  • Plant type: Tree

  • Origin: Australia

  • Heat Zones: 1 to 11

    Hardiness Zones: 9 to 11

  • Uses: Screen, Specimen, Indoor, Windbreak

  • Size/Shape

    Growth Rate: Fast

    Tree Shape: Pyramidal

    Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical

    Canopy Density: Open

    Height at Maturity: Over 23

    Spread at Maturity: 5 to 8 meters

    Time to Ultimate Height: 10 to 20 Years

  • By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Tree-species at Flickr (Flickr) [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Liné1 (Picture taken with my IXUS 800 IS) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Kirisame (original) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By bertknot from scarborough, australia (norfolk island scenery (268)) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

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  • Foliage

    Leaf Arrangement : Spiral

    Leaf Venation: Parallel

    Leaf Persistance: Evergreen

    Leaf Type: Simple

    Leaf Blade: Less than 5

    Leaf Shape: Needle

    Leaf Margins: Entire

    Leaf Texture: Leathery, Glossy, Coarse

    Leaf Scent: No Fragance

    Color(growing season): Green

    Color(changing season): Green

  • Flower

    Flower Showiness: No

  • Trunk

    Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Generally resists breakage

    Number of Trunks: Single Trunk

    Trunk esthetic Values: Fissured

  • Fruit

    Fruit Showiness: Yes

    Fruit Size Range: 3 - 7

    Fruit Color: Green

  • By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Tree-species at Flickr (Flickr) [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Liné1 (Picture taken with my IXUS 800 IS) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By Kirisame (original) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
  • By bertknot from scarborough, australia (norfolk island scenery (268)) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Kahuroa (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

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  • Tolerance

    Drought Tolerance: Yes

    Salt Tolerance: Moderate

  • Requirements

    Soil Requirements: Clay, Loam, Sand

    Soil Ph Requirements: Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline

    Water Requirements: Moderate

    Light Requirements: Full, Part

  • Management

    Toxicity: No

    Invasive Potential: No

    Susceptibility to Pests and Diseases: No

    Pruning Requirements: Little needed, to develop a strong structure

    Fruit/ Leaves/ Flowers litter: No

    Surface Rooting: Yes

    Life Span: More than 50

    Edible Parts: None

    Pests: Scales

    Plant Propagation: Seed, Cutting

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