Plant Profile

Fraxinus americana (white ash)

White ash (Fraxinus americana), also called Biltmore ash or Biltmore white ash, is the most common and useful native ash but is never a dominant species in the forest. It grows best on rich, moist, well-drained soils to medium size. Because white ash wood is tough, strong, and highly resistant to shock, it is particularly sought for handles, oars, and baseball bats. The seeds are used by many birds and can be produced in countless numbers. The tree grows rapidly and is almost pyramidal when young, but gradually slows down and develops a more spreading round or oval shape.

Landscape Information
Botanical Description
Horticulture Management

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By Richard Webb, Bugwood.org, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

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French Name: Frêne blanc

Arabic Name: مران أمريكي

Pronunciation: FRACK-sih-nus uh-mair-ih-KAY-nuh
Plant type: Tree
Origin: Mexico, Central America
Heat Zones: 1 to 10

Hardiness Zones: 4 to 10
Uses: Screen, Mass Planting, Shade, Street
Size/Shape

Growth Rate: Fast

Tree Shape: Pyramidal, Round, oval, Upright

Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical

Canopy Density: Medium

Canopy Texture: Coarse

Height at Maturity: 15 to 23 m, Over 23

Spread at Maturity: 8 to 10 meters, 10 to 15 meters

Time to Ultimate Height: 20 to 50 Years

By Richard Webb, Bugwood.org, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By --SB_Johnny | PA! (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Willow (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Willow (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons

By Richard Webb, Bugwood.org, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

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Foliage

Leaf Arrangement : Opposite

Leaf Venation: Pinnate

Leaf Persistance: Deciduous

Leaf Type: Odd Pinnately compund

Leaf Blade: 5 - 10 cm

Leaf Shape: Ovate

Leaf Margins: Entire, Serrulate

Leaf Texture: Glossy, Medium

Leaf Scent: No Fragance

Color(growing season): Green

Color(changing season): Yellow, Purple
Flower

Flower Showiness: No

Flower Sexuality: Diecious (Monosexual)

Flower Scent: No Fragance

Flower Color: Green, Purple

Seasons: Spring
Trunk

Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Suspected to breakage

Number of Trunks: Multi-Trunked

Trunk esthetic Values: Showy, Rough Texture, Fissured, Spines
Fruit

Fruit Type: Samara

Fruit Showiness: Yes

Fruit Size Range: 3 - 7, 7 - 10

Fruit Color: Brown

Seasons: Spring

By Richard Webb, Bugwood.org, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By --SB_Johnny | PA! (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Willow (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
By Willow (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons

By Richard Webb, Bugwood.org, USA [CC BY 3.0 us (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

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Tolerance

Frost Tolerant: Yes

Heat Tolerance: Yes

Drought Tolerance: Yes

Salt Tolerance: Good
Requirements

Soil Requirements: Clay, Loam, Sand

Soil Ph Requirements: Neutral, Alkaline

Water Requirements: High, Moderate

Light Requirements: Full, Part
Management

Toxicity: No

Invasive Potential: Yes

Susceptibility to Pests and Diseases: Yes

Pruning Requirements: Needed, to develop a strong structure

Fruit/ Leaves/ Flowers litter: Yes

Life Span: More than 50

Diseases: Powdery Mildew, Leaf Spots, Canker, Fungus

Edible Parts: None

Pests: Mites, Aphids, Borers

Plant Propagation: Seed, Cutting